Gastrointestinal and intra-abdominal infections
Gastrointestinal and intra-abdominal infections
Clinical condition | Common pathogens | Empirical antimicrobial agents | Alternative antimicrobial agents | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|
Acute gastroenteritis | Viral, enterotoxigenic & enteropathogenic E. coli |
None | None | Rehydration (oral/IV) essential |
Food poisoning | S. aureus, B. cereus | None | None | Rehydration (oral/IV) essential |
Cholera | V. cholera | Doxycycline | Azithromycin or ciprofloxacin |
Rehydration (oral/IV) essential |
Bacterial dysentery | Shigella, Campylobacter, Salmonella, E. coli | Ceftriaxone | Azithromycin | |
Amoebic dysentery | E. histolytica | Metronidazole | Tinidazole | Add diloxanide furoate 500mg q 8h for 7-10 days |
Biliary tract infections | Enterobacteriaceae | Piperacillin-tazobactam or Cefoperazone-sulbactam or ertapenem |
Imipenem-cilastatin 500mg q 6h or meropenem 1g IV q 8h |
Surgical or endoscopic intervention may be considered for biliary obstruction |
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis | Enterobacteriaceae | Piperacillin-tazobactam or Cefoperazone-sulbactam or ertapenem |
Imipenem-cilastatin or meropenem |
|
Secondary peritonitis, intra-abdominal abscess | Enterobacteriaceae | Piperacillin-tazobactam or Cefoperazone-sulbactam or ertapenem |
Imipenem-cilastatin or meropenem |
Source control is important |